𝐅𝐈𝐆𝐇𝐓 𝐏𝐎𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐘-𝐍𝐎𝐓 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐎𝐎𝐑

What is Poverty?

• Poverty is defined as a state or condition in which an individual or a group lacks the financial means and necessities for a basic level of living.
• Poverty is defined as a situation in which one's earnings from work are insufficient to meet fundamental human requirements.
  

• Poverty also includes poor health and education, a lack of access to safe drinking water and sanitation, a lack of physical security, a lack of voice, and a lack of capacity and chance to improve one's life.
• IMPACTS OF POVERTY IN INDIA

• impact of poverty is majorly witnessed in the health of individuals due to a lack of sufficient food, proper clothing, medical services, and sanitary living conditions.
•  Social Issues: In addition to economic factors, social factors obstruct India's poverty eradication efforts. The laws of inheritance, the caste system, and certain customs, to name a few, are all obstacles in this regard.
  

Reasons why poverty still exists in India.

• Rapid growth in population in India since 1951 has caused lower growth in per capita income causing lower living standards of the people.
  

• Unemployment and under employment

  • Due to continuous rise in population, there is chronic unemployment and under employment in India.
  • There is educated unemployment and disguised unemployment, and Poverty is just a reflection of this aspect.
  • Most of the rural poor are agricultural labourers (who are generally landless) and self-employed small farmers owning less than 2 acres of land.
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  • Inflation and Food Prices
    
  • Due to unequal distribution of land and other assets, the benefits from direct poverty alleviation programmes have been appropriated by the non-poor.
  • The programmes depend mainly on government and bank officials for their implementation. Since such officials are ill motivated, inadequately trained, corruption prone and vulnerable to pressure from a variety of local elites, the resources are inefficiently used and wasted.

Malnutrition is a problem for these people and their families. Poverty is linked to unfavourable situations such as inferior housing, homelessness, inadequate food and nutrition insecurity, inadequate care for children, lack of access to health care, hazardous neighbourhoods, and underfunded schools.

Poverty affects children, families, and individuals in India in a variety of ways:

• A high rate of infant death
• India has one of the highest child death rates in the world, with over 1.4 million children dying before their fifth birthday each year. Pneumonia, malaria, diarrheal illnesses, and chronic malnutrition are the leading causes of poverty. 
• 
  Children from a slum in India stand in queue to get free food after the government eased a nationwide Covid-19.      

• Malnutrition - Not even a bowl of rice a day u sufficient.
• When it comes to malnutrition, India is at the top; more than 200 million people, including 61 million children, are malnourished.
• Child Labour - There isn't enough time for children to play and study.
• In India, child labour under the age of 14 is illegal, although government data show that 12.5 million children between the ages of 5 and 14 are employed. Furthermore, 65 million youngsters aged 6 to 14 do not attend school and instead work in farms, industries, quarries, private residences, and even prostitution.
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• lack of education
• According to UNICEF, over 25% of children in India do not receive an educationji Girls are more likely than boys to be excluded from school. Despite the fact that Indian law requires men and women to be treated equally, women, particularly those from lower social castes, are regarded as inferior. Their chances of getting a decent salary in India are bleak due to their lack of education.
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• ᴇᴅᴜᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴋᴇʏ ᴛᴏ ᴏᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴜɴɪᴛʏ ɪᴛꜱ ᴀ ᴛɪᴄᴋᴇᴛ ᴏᴜᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴘᴏᴠᴇʀᴛʏ
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• 2011-22.5%
• 2019-10.2%
• Extreme poverty in India down by 12.3%   says {WORLD BANK }
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Social Issues: In addition to economic factors, social factors obstruct India's poverty eradication efforts. The laws of inheritance, the caste system, and certain customs, to name a few, are all obstacles in this regard.
• Marriage of a child
• Even though it is illegal for children to marry, it is still done in several Indian communities. Young ladies become mothers when they are still children. Many people die before they reach adulthood. Because of their poverty, many parents encourage their children to marry young in the hopes of a better life.
  
• Poor Purchasing Power
• A country in which a poor country's or household's per capita income and purchasing power fall below a certain minimum standard, there is a lack of medical care and health facilities, productivity is low, and there is illiteracy. This resulted in epidemics and disease in society.
• INDICATIONS BY INDIAN GOVERNMENT TO ERADICATE POVERTY  
  

PHASE 1:Initially government, adopted the trickle down approach  assuming that overall development will slowly percolate to the poor ultimately. 

PHASE 2: Many schemes like million wells schemes, Food for work and pradhan mantri Rojgar yojana were launched.Garibi Hatao.

PHASE 3:MGNREGS,Other Self Help Group,National Rural Livelihood Mission,National Skill Development Mission,Public Distribution System,Integrated Child

Development Scheme,Mid-day Meal Scheme.

Human development is also taken as a priority and linked with poverty. With RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT, primary education  has been made a fundamental right. 

National Health Mission is an effort to uplift health care in both urban areas  and rural villages similarily the NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY Act 2013 aims at eradicating hunger. 

• Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY)
• Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana is a scheme launchedby the Prime Minister of India,this pro-poor welfare plan has been implemented in order to remove poverty from the lives of the poor. Members of Parliament are primarily driven by the government to bring the underprivileged into the spotlight. Such members can  use it to organize a skill-based workshop. People who are in need can come for a small fee.
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) or Skill India
• On July 16, 2015, the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), often known as Skill India, was launched to combat poverty. The ultimate goal is to upskill roughly 40 million Indian youth. This government program for low-income students encourages people to look for innovative ways to strengthen their skills.
• There is a survey which says 14%girls dropout from schools only because there are no tiolets.   

Special thanks to AKUNURI MURALI SIR  senior IAS officer Rtd.(He is popularly Konwn as the people's officer ,for addressing Citizens issues by involving people) .for motivating and inspiring about poverty. 

    "𝕻𝖔𝖛𝖊𝖗𝖙𝖞 𝖎𝖘 𝖙𝖍𝖊 𝖆 𝖜𝖔𝖗𝖘𝖙 𝖋𝖔𝖗𝖒 𝖔𝖋 𝖛𝖎𝖔𝖑𝖊𝖓𝖈𝖊".    

Looking forward ,

𝓀𝒶𝓁𝒶𝓁𝒾𝓈𝒶𝒾𝓇𝒶𝓂𝑔𝑜𝓊𝒹.